Coating process for building material.



. E. WHITE.

comma PROCESS FOR BUILDING MATERIAL.

APPLICATIQNHLED SEPT-9| I915- lfiQQfifiQ Patented Apr. 29,1919.

3 SHEETS$HEET L H. E. WHITE.

COMING PROCESS FOR BUILDING MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9. 1915.

1k ,SGgfiGQ Patented Apr. 29,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- Patented Apr. 29,1919.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

m W \M d W H. E."WHITE.

COATING PROCESS FOR BUILDING MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-9. I915.

HERBERT E. WfiITE, OF YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO.

comma rnocnss For. BUrLDIne Mara-.1 1

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 9, 1915. Serial No. 49,757.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT E. WHITE,

- a citizen of the United States, residing at Youngstown, in the county of Mahoning and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coating Processes for Building Material, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the manufacture of composite building material available chiefly for lathing, and primarily has for its object a process of developing and pla'cing upon the paper or fibrous base an artificial stone composition which gives stability and strength to the material, aswell imparting thereto fire-resistant and water-repellent characteristics.

The general object of the invention is to commercialize the manufacture of paper lath products, whereby the same can be made with economy and rapidity by means of'mechanical instruments. To that end, a distinctive feature of the present-process resides in a novel step of coatingthe fibrous base or paper body with an artificial stone composition. In this connection, the invention has in view two important objects- First, to apply the'coaiting compositionso that it will thorou hly cover and impregnate the fibrous base or body. Second, to utilize, as a part of the coating operation chemicals having oer-- taln requ1red characteristics, 1n combination with a novel atomizing action that has the efi'ect of producing the artificial stone composition at and on the fibrous base during its transit through the coating outfit or machine.

A further object of the invention is tofollow the coating operation with a supplementary step whereby the stone 'coated material may be provided with a sanded bonding-surface which contributes materially to the strength of the material, as well as providing a better bond for the plaster.

' ith these and ptncr objects in View, the Y invention consists in the novel process steps hereinafter explained and claimed, and while various instrumentalities or devices may be employed to assist in performing the operations to carry these steps into efiect, one form of apparatus that may be utilized for that purpose is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a coating outfitfor carrying out the present invention.

Fig. '2 is an end elevation of the coating outfit or machine.

Flg. 3 is an enlarged detail sectional view of one type of spray nozzle that may be used for effecting the chemical combination be- Patented Apro 29, 1919,.

tween the'separate ingredients of the coating compos1t1-on, and the application of the resultan t substance to the fibrous body or paper sheet.

Similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

As above indicated, a distinctive and important feature of the present invention resides in spraying the fibrous base or paper sheet, during its course of manufacture into a paper lath product, with a coating composition having the character of artificial stone, and to develop the latter at the time of its application. That is to say, according to the principles underlying the lnvention, the final mixing and reunion of the ingredients of the coating emulsion or paste occurs in the act ofprojectin the same onto the fibrous base. To render t is efi'ective and practical, it is intended to select ingredients which may be chemically united in connection with a high temperature fluid and preferably in the open air, so that when this fluid is utilized to atomize and combine the said ingredients, an artificial stone composition results during the atomizing action, and it is .this stone composition which is applied to the base at the time of its formation. Various chemical's having these characteristics 'may be utilized for the purpose, but it is found preferable to employ for the coating emulsion or paste a mixture of silicate of soda and carbonate of calcium, the carbonate of calcium being of course finely ground and conveniently being that material which is commonly known and sold as whiting or powdered chalk.

A mixture of silicate of soda and carbonat of calcium is specially desirable and available for the purposes of the present invention because of the capacity of such mixture to dry upon exposure to the air, and, if

I heated to about 200 Fah. for a brief period,

in the presence of air, is an artificial stone that satisfactorily fulfils the requirements as a coating for paper lath products.

In order to bring about the proper chemical union between the ingredients of the coating emulsion or paste at the time'of application to the fibrous body or paper sheet requires a .device orinstrument capable of breaking up the mixture into a finely divided state, and at the same time supplying z'le member 2 concentrically arranged in spaced relation to leave an interior ejectingfluid chamber 3 which is in communication with a source of steam or hot-air supp-1y through the ejecting-fluid supply pipe 4. The inner nozzle member 2 is formed with an interior suction chamber 5 which is in communication with the source of'su pply for the coating emulsion or paste through the paste supply pipe 6. Both of the nozzle members are provided with concentrically arranged conical discharging heads 7 and 8 arranged one within the other and provided with the jet orifices 9 and 10 respectively, While between the points of these heads there is provided a narrow annular blast passage 11 through which the steam or hotair under pressure discharges at high velocity. The extent of opening ipermitted .through the jet orifices 9 and 10 may. be regulated through the medium of a suitably mounted regulating valve or' mandrel 12, whose reduced extremity 13 is aranged to be projected more or less into the said orifices.

With a nozzle constructed as described, it will be obvious that the steam or hot-air under pressure, issuing through the blast passage 11 and-the outer jet orifice 10, creates a partial vacuum within the v.suction chamber 5 of the inner nozzle member, thereby drawing .the emulsion or paste .in and through the inner nozzle and atomizing the same as it emerges therefrom. The steam mixes with the finely divided paste and sprays the same onto the object to be coated, at the same time supplying the necessary elements to convert the mixture into the artificial stone composition.

A feature of the process also resides in causing the newly-formed stone composition to be applied to the paper body or sheet at the time of the atomizing action referred to, and while this may be accomplished in various ways and with different mechanical devices, one way of carrying out this phase of the process is illustrated by the coating outfit'or machine shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, and which outfit or machine includes spray nozzles having the functional characteristics above explained.

In explanation of the coating outfit or machine shown in the drawings, it will be observed that the same includes a supporting frame or bed 14 having mounted thereon a suitable housing 15 open at both ends to permit of the continuous passage therethrough of the fibrous base or sheet which is to manufactured into a stone coating paper lath product. This material is propelled through the housing by means of a plurality of interior roll units 16 and the exterior roll units 17 and 18, the latter roll units being located respectively at the feeding and delivery ends of the chamber. All of these roll units preferably comprise an axle member 18 and a plurality of spaced tractor disks 19 whose peripheries have a tractional engagement with the sheet S for moving. the latter continuously, or intermittently, if desired, through the machine. The tractor disks of the interior units have their peripheries project through slits 20 in arched shield plates or guards 21 which serve to protect the disks and the shafting from the fluids and paste. Furthermore,

these shield plates or guards 21 are shown for the paste is illustrated as having a return pipe connection 24 with a paste supply receptacle 25-, while the chute 23 is shown as being provided with a return pipe connection 26 with a sand supply box 27.

A transverse series of the paste spray nozzles N are preferably arranged both above and below .the sheet S to be treated so that the upper series of nozzles N spray the stone composition onto the upper side of the sheet, while thelower series of said nozzles spray the said composition onto the under side of the sheet. And, as the said sheet is usually provided with keying slots or openings for the plaster, the plastic composition is permitted to thoroughly envelop andpenetrate the said sheet. The'paste supply pipes 6 for the lower nozzles N enter the paste supply receptacle 25, while the-corresponding pipes of the upper nozzles N enter an upper separate paste supply receptacle 28.

Afurther feature of the invention relates to the sanding step which is supplementary to the primary coating step. This supplementary step is intended to provide a sand surface for the product which insures additional protection for the surface thereof while being handled and applied, while at the same time affording a better bond for the plaster when applied to the lath. In connection with this sanding step, it will be observed that the adhesive stone coating which is manufactured and applied by the atomizing nozzles will still be in a plastic or undried condition when the sheet reaches the sanding zone, so that the said coating will answer the additional purpose of holding the sand in placeuntil the entire structure has dried and set.

The application of the sand may be con veniently made by the use of sand blast nozzles N arranged respectively above and below the plane of the sheet feed. These sand blast nozzles are in communication with a source of ejecting-fiuid supply, as compressed air, through the pipes 29, and with a source of sand supply through the pipes 30. The pipes for the lower sand.

blast nozzles enter the sand supply box 27, while those for the upper sand blast nozzles enter the sand supply box 31.

From the foregoing, it is thought that the important feature of the invention involved in the primary coating operation and the production of the stone composition at the time of its application will be Well understood without further description, but in this connection it will also have been observed that the supplementary step of sanding is an important and practical feature of the invention, since the two steps cooperate to provide an improved and commercial form of paper lath product.

I claim:

1. A coating process of the class described which consists in consolidating with a fibrous body, by atomization, a hot mixture of stone-forming materials.

2. A coating process of the class described .1.-

which consists in consolidating with a fibrous body, by atomization under pressure, a hot steam-saturated mixture of silicate of soda and carbonate of calcium. 1

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

'HERBERT E. WHITE. Witnesses:

FRANK TURNER, G. O. DRAISED. 

